基于响应面分析的高抗原活性鸭疫里默氏杆菌疫苗培养基的研制及其效果评价

【背景】鸭疫里默氏杆菌广泛存在于养殖场,引起雏鸭发生传染性浆膜炎,严重危害养鸭业的发展。【目的】提高鸭疫里默氏杆菌发酵培养水平和抗原活性,为鸭疫里默氏杆菌灭活疫苗的研制提供技术指引。【方法】利用单因素及响应面的试验设计方法,针对鸭疫里默氏杆菌进行疫苗培养基的研制,并探究不同发酵时间点该菌的抗原活性,选择抗原活性最高点时制备灭活疫苗,通过动物免疫保护试验评价疫苗免疫效果。【结果】使用研制的疫苗培养基发酵培养鸭疫里默氏杆菌,其活菌数能够达到4.68×1010 CFU/mL,较市面上该菌专用的培养基提高2.29倍。该菌发酵12 h后抗原活性达到最高,在此时制备的灭活疫苗诱导小鼠产生的抗体水平显著高于商品化灭活疫苗,攻毒保护率达到了100%。【结论】本研究研制的培养基具有优异的增菌效果,可作为生产鸭疫里默氏杆菌灭活疫苗抗原的发酵培养基,疫苗生产过程中可选择菌株抗原活性达到最高时收集菌体。     

鸭疫里氏杆菌B739＿RS00825基因缺失株抗血红素毒性和氧化应激损伤以及定殖能力分析

【目的】血红素可作为细菌重要的铁离子来源,然而转运过多的血红素也会对细菌造成毒性。细菌通过调节、外排、螯合等多种方式减轻血红素毒性作用。鸭疫里氏杆菌(Riemerella anatipestifer, RA)是一种感染鸭及其他禽类的革兰氏阴性病原菌。前期研究表明,该菌编码血红素转运系统,且能够从血红蛋白获取血红素,然而该菌是否编码血红素解毒蛋白未知。本研究以编码一氧化氮合成酶的基因B739＿RS00825为研究对象,分析其在抗血红素毒性和氧化应激损伤以及定殖能力中的功能。【方法】构建B739＿RS00825缺失株,并通过测定生长曲线、细菌存活率、毒力及定殖等试验方法鉴定其在抗血红素毒性、抗氧化应激损伤、宿主致病中的功能。【结果】与RA CH-1相比,RA CH-1ΔB739＿RS00825在添加过量血红素的培养基中生长不受影响;然而与RACH-1Δfur相比,RACH-1ΔfurΔB739＿RS00825在含血红素培养基中的生长明显受到抑制且对H₂O₂的抵抗力降低;B739＿RS00825基因在氧化应激条件下及fur缺失株中明显上调;与RA ...     

一株Ⅹ型鸭疫里默氏杆菌GN52稳定性的研究

选取鸭疫里默氏杆菌的一株地方分离株GN52,按照生长的最适条件,在马丁固体培养基上连续传代.分别选取第3代、第11代、第21代、第31代、第41代、第51代和第61代的细菌.对其进行染色镜检、生化试验、药敏试验及动物实验.结果表明,随着代次的增加,该菌株染色形态、生化特性及抗药性均未发生明显变化,但毒力有逐渐下降的趋势.     

鸭疫里默氏杆菌外膜蛋白生物学特性研究

血清2型鸭疫里默氏杆菌强毒菌株体外传200代获得了无毒力无免疫原性菌株,采用超声波裂解和超速离心法提取二株菌的外膜蛋白, 以比较分析鸭疫里默氏杆菌外膜蛋白的生物学特性。电镜观察细菌超微结构显示传代菌株外膜膜密度降低, 外膜泡的数量明显减少, 细胞质不均匀、内有空泡产生;免疫印迹结果表明二株菌的外膜蛋白免疫原性多肽存在明显区别;原代菌株的外膜蛋白仅与2型RA抗体出现特异性凝集, 而传代菌株的外膜蛋白与 1、2、10与11型RA抗体均出现凝集;二株菌的外膜蛋白均可诱导雏鸭产生抗体, 但原代菌株外膜蛋白诱导雏鸭产生抗体滴度显著高于200代次菌株;原代菌株外膜蛋白免疫鸭对同源RA菌株的攻击可产生100%的免疫保护, 而传代菌株外膜蛋白免疫鸭对同源RA菌株的攻击不产生免疫保护。序列分析显示两者的外膜蛋白A同源性达到99.9%。结果表明强毒菌株的外膜蛋白为良好的亚单位疫苗候选, 体外连续传代对RA外膜蛋白生物学特性影响显著。     

Comparative genomics of Riemerella anatipestifer reveals genetic diversity

Background

Riemerella anatipestifer is one of the most important pathogens of ducks. However, the molecular mechanisms of R. anatipestifer infection are poorly understood. In particular, the lack of genomic information from a variety of R. anatipestifer strains has proved severely limiting.

Results

In this study, we present the complete genomes of two R. anatipestifer strains, RA-CH-1 (2,309,519 bp, Genbank accession {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"CP003787","term_id":"403311769","term_text":"CP003787"}}CP003787) and RA-CH-2 (2,166,321 bp, Genbank accession {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"CP004020","term_id":"441482619","term_text":"CP004020"}}CP004020). Both strains are from isolates taken from two different sick ducks in the SiChuang province of China. A comparative genomics approach was used to identify similarities and key differences between RA-CH-1 and RA-CH-2 and the previously sequenced strain RA-GD, a clinical isolate from GuangDong, China, and ATCC11845.

Conclusion

The genomes of RA-CH-2 and RA-GD were extremely similar, while RA-CH-1 was significantly different than ATCC11845. RA-CH-1 is 140,000 bp larger than the three other strains and has 16 unique gene families. Evolutionary analysis shows that RA-CH-1 and RA-CH-2 are closed and in a branch with ATCC11845, while RA-GD is located in another branch. Additionally, the detection of several iron/heme-transport related proteins and motility mechanisms will be useful in elucidating factors important in pathogenicity. This information will allow a better understanding of the phenotype of different R. anatipestifer strains and molecular mechanisms of infection.     

Levamisole enhances immunity in ducklings vaccinated against Riemerella anatipestifer

Oil‐adjuvant‐inactivated vaccine is one of the most cost‐effective vaccines used to protect ducklings against RA infection; however, it does not provide complete protection in very young ducklings with immature immune systems. In the current study, LMS was used as an immunopotentiator to improve the immune system in ducklings. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G titers and the secretions of both Th1‐type (IFN‐γ and IL‐2) and Th2‐type (IL‐4 and IL‐10) cytokines were higher in ducklings that had been vaccinated with LMS. In addition, a significantly higher T‐lymphocyte proliferation rate was obtained with the addition of LMS. Furthermore, all of the ducklings vaccinated with LMS were protected against RA on the 9th day post‐vaccination, whereas only 69.2% of the ducklings were protected in the group that did not receive LMS. These results suggest that LMS might be a useful adjuvant to enhance the immune response of ducklings. The use of LMS may also alleviate local injection lesions, caused by the oil‐emulsion vaccine, by reducing the dose of the vaccine.     

鸭疫里默氏杆菌强、弱菌株外膜蛋白的比较蛋白质组学研究

应用双向电泳及质谱技术对血清2型鸭疫里默氏杆菌强毒株及其体外传代200代(RA200)的弱毒菌株的外膜蛋白进行比较蛋白质组学研究,借此分析鸭疫里默氏杆菌的外膜蛋白表达特点,研究差异表达蛋白与细菌毒力的关系.在实验中检测到血清2型鸭疫里默氏杆菌原代及其体外传代获得的弱毒菌株的外膜蛋白约表达60个蛋白质点(n=3),其中相差5倍以上3个.胶内酶解和肽质量指纹图谱分析后鉴定,W1为热休克蛋白Hsp20家族成员,W2、W3为转座酶,推测它们可能与里默氏杆菌的毒力密切相关.     

鸭疫里氏杆菌CH-1株B739_RS03695基因的功能鉴定

【背景】鸭疫里默氏杆菌是一种可引起鸭传染性浆膜炎的革兰氏阴性病原菌。对于该菌的铁离子转运系统已有大量研究，但有关该菌铁硫簇装配基因的功能知之甚少。【目的】序列分析表明，鸭疫里默氏杆菌CH-1株B739＿RS03695编码铁硫结合蛋白，但其具体功能未知。本研究旨在鉴定鸭疫里默氏杆菌CH-1株B739＿RS03695基因在抗氧化应激及耐药中的功能。【方法】构建B739＿RS03695缺失株，通过测定生长曲线、氧化应激存活率探究其在抗氧化应激中的功能；通过最小抑菌浓度、杀菌试验探究其在耐药中的功能。【结果】与亲本株相比，RA CH-1ΔB739＿RS03695在GCB培养基中生长不受影响，但在铁限制性培养基中的生长受到明显抑制；与亲本株相比，RA CH-1ΔB739＿RS03695对H₂O₂的敏感性增加；与亲本株相比，RA CH-1ΔB739＿RS03695对庆大霉素的抵抗力显著增加；荧光定量PCR结果表明，与对照组相比，B739＿RS03695基因的转录水平在铁限制性条件和存在过氧化氢条件下显著上调。【结论】B739＿RS03695基因缺失后会损...     

pUC18-CpG重组质粒对鸭疫里默氏菌灭活疫苗的免疫增强效应

【背景】鸭疫里默氏菌(Riemerella anatipestifer,RA)是造成禽养殖业损失的重要病原体，可引起鸭等多种禽类浆膜炎和败血症。疫苗存在反应弱、免疫原性低、使机体产生抗体水平低等问题。【目的】探究pUC18-CpG佐剂的免疫反应及保护作用，为CpG佐剂疫苗预防鸭浆膜炎提供依据。【方法】通过鸭外周血淋巴细胞增殖试验和实时荧光定量PCR试验确定最优序列。构建重组质粒pUC18-CpG，并与CpGODN进行免疫原性比较。以灭活RA-GH5为抗原，pUC18-CpG重组质粒为佐剂，分别皮下免疫雏鸭2次，检测其血清抗体滴度和细胞因子水平；以RA-GH5肌肉注射攻毒，观察组织病理学变化及免疫保护率。【结果】筛选出免疫刺激活性最佳序列CpG-3，含CpG-3的pUC18-CpG重组质粒与CpG-3的免疫原性无明显差异。与RA疫苗相比，添加pUC18-CpG重组质粒组显著提高了血清抗体滴度以及IL-2和IL-4细胞因子水平。80μg pUC18-CpG佐剂疫苗对鸭的免疫保护率为70%,20、40μg pUC18-CpG佐剂疫苗均为60%。【结论】pUC18-CpG佐剂与RA-GH5灭活...